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N. PETERS, PHOTO LTHoenAPr-l n WA INGTON D @geiten glatte etnt @fitta JESSE l). Ctl'lf'htELli AND GEORGE DRAPER, OF MlLEORl), MASSACHUSETTS.

Letters Patent No. 69,320, eluted Oef/Zier 1, 1867.

IMPROVEMENT IN LOOM.

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TO ALL PERSONS TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME:

Ee it known that we, JJSsSE D. COTTnn-LL and GEORGE DRAPER, of Milford, in the county of Worcester, and State of Massachusetts, have made a new and useful invention having reference to Looms for Weaving Cloth; and we do hereby declare the same to be fully7 described in the following specification, and represented in the accompanying drawings, of whichi Figure l is a top View of a loomframe with our said invention applied thereto.

Figure .2 is a vertical and transverse section taken through one of the yaru-beams, and representing the mechanism applied to the next adjacent end of the frame.

Figure 3 is a horizontal section taken through the shafts carrying` the pinions for actuating the main gears of the two yarn-beams, to be hereinafter described.

The invention may be said to consist of the combination as well as the arrangement of a let-off mechanism, two yarn-beams, and certain mechanism applied to such beams for the accomplishment of the result ,or results for which the mechanism of Benjamin G. Dawley, described in Letters Patent No. 16,306, dated Decemb'cr 23, 1856, is calculated to effect. I

Tn weaving very wide cotton cloth it has been customary to employ in a loom two or more yarn-beams, the reason of their employment being to obviate the diiliculty which, were but one beam used, the attendants on the dresser-frame7 would experience in reaching'far enough to piece up the yarn during the process of sizing or dressing it.

As the amounts of yarn wound ou the two beams will vary, that is, as one will be somewhat more than the other, the diameters of such masses of yarn will vary more or less during the process of weaving them in a. loom. This causes them to unwind or deliver the yarn unequally, whereby the weaving of one portion of the cloth will be caused to be looser than that of the other. For this reason wide cloths so made are not valuable for certain uses, as one selvedge will be loose, while the othe:` may be drawn tight.

To obviate the disadvantages resulting from the variations in the sizes of the masses of yarn on the two beams, the said Dawley` combined with the beams a friction-wheel to run on their shaft, and between them also a pinion and two gears, the saine being arranged together as exhibited in the patent hereinbefore mentioned. These devices, were to effect equality of tensionand delivery of the two warps.

For various reasons it is very desirable to have the delivery of the warps effected by alet-off motion or mechanism" acting in concert with the twobeams and the mechanism of Dawley, or its equivalent, and therefore we have effected as much and have also made a valuable and useful construction of the warp-equalizing apparatus and application of it to the two beams, whereby we are enabled to bring the two main heads of the beams close together, and thus avoid the space which must necessarily exist between them when the equalizing mechanism is placed between them, as is shown in the patent hereinbefere mentioned.

In the drawings, A. denotes the frame and 13 the lay of a loom. C is the driving-shaft of the lay. This shaft imparts motion to another shaft, D, or receives motion from it by meansof two gears, E E, fixed to such shaft. The two yarn-beams are exhibited at G and H. They are to revolve freely and independently of each other on one common rod, a, their inner heads heilig close together. Each of such beams has a gear-wheel, b

or c, at its outer end or confining its outer head. One of these gears (viz, 6,) envaf'es with a pinion, d, fixed ona long horizontal shaft, e, arranged with respect to the yarn-beams in manner as represented. The other of the said gears (viz, 0,) engages with a piniomf, fixed on a tubular shaft, y, which receives and supports the shaft e, and is supported by, and so as to be capable of revolving together7 a tubular bearing, which is upheld by a bracket, z', projecting from one of the posts of the loom-frame. A bevel-gear, Z, is fixed on the end ofthe shaft e, and there is another such gear, 1N, fixed on the shaft y, such gears being arranged with respect to each other as shown in the drawings. Furthermore, a vlarge spur-gear, 0, is placed alongside of the inner bevelled gearm, and runs loosely on a tubular journal, y, projecting from the brackets. From the said gear o two arms, q q, project and support the spindles of two bcvelled pinions, r r, which are arranged between and engage with the bevelled gears Zan, and are placed on opposite sides of the shaft e, -the whole being as represented in the drawings. The gear o engages with a. pinion, s, fixed on one end of another shaft, t, supported in a bearing, u., projecting from the bracket z'. A ratchet, n, is also {xed on the shaft t. A tri-armed lever, w; formed as shown in tig. 2, turns en the shaft t as a fulerum. The upper arm of this lover carries a pawl, a', which engages with the ratchet. In front of the longer arm of the said lever is a cam or wipeijy, which is fixed on the shaft D. v

friction-clam com osed of two awed levers z a formed as re resented in vertical section in Fiifurc 4, is

.l s P ci applied te the bracket t', and turns on a pin, 6', extending therefrom and through the shorter arm of' the upper of the said two jawed levers. The jaws of the said levers grasp the periphery of a friction--whcel or cylinder, f", fixed on the shaft t. A Weight, d', is hung on the longer arm of the lower iawdeveix Eurthernlore, a small arm, e', projects from the pawl :c over another arm,f, extendingl from the upper jaw of the friction-clamp, the purpose of the two arms being to enablethe pawl to be raised ontof connection with the ratchet by simply raising the weighted arm of the frietionfelamp high enough. 1When the said arm is so raised the jaws of the clamp will be thrown apart and out of bearing upon the friction-wheel. Consequently, under this state of things, either of the yarnbearns may be revolved by hand, in case it may he desirable to turn it for the purpose of either loosening or tightening its warp. The yarn or warps, on passing from the yarnbeams, extend over the upper surface of a whip-roller or guide, K, and thence through the harnesses and to and through the reed of the lay, thence to and over the breast-beam and to the cloth-roller or beam. From onejournal of the guide K a bent arm,f", extends directly over the middle arm of the tri-armed lever w. A. rod, g', jointed to the end of the said arm f2, has a foot, f, which is arranged directly over and close to the said middle arm of the tri-armedlever. The rod g goes through an extension, i', of the bracketz', on which rests a helical spring, lb', which encompasses the rod. The upper end of the spring bears against a shoulder, Z', formed on the rod. The yarn-beams, by the friction of thejawed levers z a on the wheel e', will be kept from turning around se as to let oil` the yarn` improperly. The cloth, as made, is to be supposed to be wound on the clethrolier hy means of what mechanics term a positive take-up motion er mechanism.

The weighted friction-clamp and its wheel c', the shaft t, the gears s o 1' v' Z m., the shafts c y, the pinions f, and the gears b n, constituting an improved friction and equalizing. apparatus, are, in some respects, an equivalent for the compound motion or apparatus described in the patent of the said Dawley, and they are for performing like effects; but their combination and arrangement render them far superior in operation, and productive of new eifeets er advantages. We have combined with them a let-olf mechanism, composed of the ratchet v, the tri-armed lever w, its pawl x, cam y, rod g', spring k', guide K, and bent armf, the whole being supported, arranged, and applied to the loom-frame and the bracket z' substantially as set forth.

In the'proeess of weaving, the harnesses open and close the warps, causing, in the mean time, an inequality of strain on -thc warps of the beams. When the lay is forward, and the filling is being driven home, the strain on the lever-guide K will be prevented, by the cam y, fro1n depressing,` such guide and its arinfl so as to turn the tri-armed lever on its fulcrum, and thus set the pawl back. on its ratchet, the lower arm of the tri-armed lever being in the path of revolution of the cam y. The said cam, in revolving, will act against such arm, so as to move the tri-armed lever and cause its pawl to turn the ratchet, whereby the two shafts e and g will be putin motion,`so as to e'ect, by means of the pinions df and the gears b c, a rotary lnovement of the two yarnbeams sui'licient to cause some delivery of yarn to take place. The spiral spring c regulates the tension of the warp and takes up the slack of the warps while beingz,r crossed bythe harnesses. When the lay is back the tension on the warp, if suicient, will press down the guide K and set the pawl back upon its ratchet. The let-oif mechanism causes delivery of yarn when the lay is forward, the pawl is set back when the lay is hack, and the strain on the warp isv suiiieient to effect depression of the guide and a consequent movement of the tri-armed lever. i

We claim the combination ofthe let-off" mechanism, two yarn-beams, and a friction and equalizing apparatus, substantially as described. l

We also claim the let-oit mechanism made and arranged with the friction-equalizing apparatus, substantially as described.

We also claim our improved arrangement of the two yarn-beams and the equalizing and friction apparatus, substantially as described, the two beams, under such an arrangement, being placed close together, and the equalizing and friction apparatus being arrangedoutside of rather than between them, as explained.`

We also claim our improved friction and equalizin'g,r apparatus or mechanism, substantially as described.

We also elaim'the arrangement of the gears o, 7*, 7, m, and Z, constituting the compound motion.

JESSE D. COTTRELL, GEORGE DRAPER.

Witnesses:

F. P. HALE, Jr., Gao. H. ANDREWS. 

